Career Counseling with Student Athletes Beale, A., & Jacobs, J. (2004). Beyond the Professional Athlete: Introducing Middle School Students to Sports Related Occupations. Journal of Career Development, 31(2), 111-124.
This article discusses several different interventions that can be used in the classroom to help students determine jobs that are in a sports field that might be deemed as suitable alternatives to becoming a professional athlete.
While the article is specifically geared toward middle school students, the information held within is extremely applicable to any student-athlete who needs guidance in secondary fall-back options in case their dreams of becoming a professional athlete do not work out.
Specifically in regard to what we want to do in our presentation, this study discusses the activity of the Sports Occupation Values Auction which has participants hear about various tasks that they might like to have in a job. They then select what they would like and their answers are converted into a Holland code. The research sheet then allows them to compare their Holland code to an occupation in the realm of sports work.
Sandstedt, S., Cox, R., Martens, M., Ward, D., Webber, S., & Ivey, S. (2004). Development of the Student-Athlete Career Situation Inventory (SACSI). Journal of Career Development, 31(2), 79-93.
Cited that although only 2% of all collegiate athletes advance to professional levels, Kennedy and Dimick (1987) found that 48% of a sample of 122 basketball and football players expected to play professional sports following their college careers.
Authors of this study created the Student-Athlete Career Situation Inventory (SACSI) to determine where student-athletes are in their own minds in their career search.
Determined that the five factors most related to the reliability of the SACSI are: Career Development Self-efficacy, Career versus Sport Identity, Locus of Control, Barriers to Career Development, and Sport to Work Skill Relationship
Shurts, W., & Shoffner, M. (2004). Providing Career Counseling for Collegiate Student-Athletes: A Learning Theory Approach. Journal of Career Development, 31(2), 95-109.
"Based on this body of research, it appears collegiate student-athletes have specific needs warranting attention from career counselors. In particular, student-athletes have less time to devote to career development and life preparation activities, may develop career dependency or identity foreclosure more often than their peers, and often have the additional complicating factor of athletic identity to consider in their future planning" (99).
Applies Krumboltz's ideas of the Learning Theory of Career Counseling (part of his original Social Learning Theory of Career Decision Making) to student athletes
Krumboltz's four needs that need to be addresses by career counselors that are extremely relevant in the career counseling of student athletes (100)
1. individuals need to expand their capabilities and interests, not base decisions on existing characteristics only
2. individuals need to prepare for changing work tasks, not assume that occupations will remain stable
3. individuals need to be empowered to take actions, not merely to be given a diagnosis
4. career counselors need to deal with all career problems, not just occupational selection
Long-term Effects of Sport Injuries Patel, D., Shivdasani, V., & Baker, R. (2005). Management of Sport-Related Concussion in Young Athletes. Sports Medicine, 35(8), 671-684.
"In addition to the well described physical and psychosocial growth, there is ongoing neurocognitive development of the brain during childhood and through adolescence. This developmental process has direct implications in the assessment and management of head injuries in young athletes" (671).
Goes into detail regarding the symptoms and signs of concussion and breaks them down into cognitive features, typical symptoms, physical signs.
Important information to pass onto young athletes so that they know what to look for on their own when injured
Describes the different grades of concussion
Chronic effects of concussion specifically on adolescent athletes
States that "adopting a lifespan view means considering these multidimensional, health-related implications of sport injury across the entire life cycle of the intercollegiate athlete" (65).
"Key dimensions of athlete health include : physical, social, cognitive, emotional, spiritual, philosophical, and economic.
Breaks down various effects of injury over the course of the lifespan from pre-college to post-college (65)
Goes into detail regarding the effects of these various realms of athlete health over the lifespan (70) for example:
In youth, social-cultural health is affected by being isolated because of sport and parental pressure. In college, this leads to a loss of social status and potential substance abuse, which has an economic impact in adulthood and limits social options
Advocates for psychological screening by NCAA at beginning of season to measure general health and orthopedics and to establish baseline
Hartgens, Fred, and Harm Kuipers. (2004). Effects of Androgenic-Anabolic Steroids in Athletes. Sports Medicine 34.(8) 513-54.
This study shows how steroids affect body mass, body structure, muscle, and the body composition after withdrawel.
This study shows how steroid affect the cardiovascular system as well as the reproductive systems in both males and females.
This study allows us to see the relationship between increased testosterone level and how someones behavior is affected.
Cuff, Steven, and Keith Loud. (2010) Overuse Injuries in High School Athletes: EMedicine Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.49 (8), 731-735
Discusses the relationship between how many sports a person plays and their risk of injury
This journal discusses the relationship between multiple sports played and the opportunity for injury
Lastly, this article discusses how many practices are too many, and how this affects the risk of injury
Walker, Jen, and Brian Adams. (2009). Cutaneous Manifestations of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroird use in Athletes. International Journal of Dermatology, 48 1044-1048
Study shows the affects of steroid with concern to the skin and how growths can form on the skin, such as cysts. This also proves that steroids can increase acne by a lot.
Steroids affect hair growth, resulting in hirsutism and alopecia, which are most obvious in females
Beale, A., & Jacobs, J. (2004). Beyond the Professional Athlete: Introducing Middle School Students to Sports Related Occupations. Journal of Career Development, 31(2), 111-124.
Sandstedt, S., Cox, R., Martens, M., Ward, D., Webber, S., & Ivey, S. (2004). Development of the Student-Athlete Career Situation Inventory (SACSI). Journal of Career Development, 31(2), 79-93.
Shurts, W., & Shoffner, M. (2004). Providing Career Counseling for Collegiate Student-Athletes: A Learning Theory Approach. Journal of Career Development, 31(2), 95-109.
Long-term Effects of Sport Injuries
Patel, D., Shivdasani, V., & Baker, R. (2005). Management of Sport-Related Concussion in Young Athletes. Sports Medicine, 35(8), 671-684.
Rinaldi, T. (Reporter). (2010). OTL: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy. [Web]. Retrieved from http://espn.go.com/video/clip?id=5591963
Sigurdardottir, S., Andelic, N., Roe, C., Jerstad, T., & Schanke, A. (2009). Post-concussion symptoms after traumatic brain injury at 3 and 12 months post-injury: A prospective study. Brain Injury, 23(6), 489-497.
Wiese-Bjornstal, D. (2009). Sport Injury and College Athlete Health Across the Lifespan. Journal of Intercollegiate Sports, 2 (1), 64-80.
Hartgens, Fred, and Harm Kuipers. (2004). Effects of Androgenic-Anabolic Steroids in Athletes. Sports Medicine 34.(8) 513-54.
- This study shows how steroids affect body mass, body structure, muscle, and the body composition after withdrawel.
- This study shows how steroid affect the cardiovascular system as well as the reproductive systems in both males and females.
- This study allows us to see the relationship between increased testosterone level and how someones behavior is affected.
Cuff, Steven, and Keith Loud. (2010) Overuse Injuries in High School Athletes: EMedicine Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.49 (8), 731-735- Discusses the relationship between how many sports a person plays and their risk of injury
- This journal discusses the relationship between multiple sports played and the opportunity for injury
- Lastly, this article discusses how many practices are too many, and how this affects the risk of injury
Walker, Jen, and Brian Adams. (2009). Cutaneous Manifestations of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroird use in Athletes. International Journal of Dermatology, 48 1044-1048